FIFTH GRADE MATH VOCABULARY

                                                 

 

Array -  A rectangular arrangement of objects in rows and columns.

 

Cluster -  A group of related math problems.  (Example: 2x5, 40x5, 42x5, 20x5, 42x10)

 

Composite Number -  A whole number greater than one with more than two different factors.  For example, 6 is a composite number. Its factors are 1, 2, 3, and 6.

 

Coordinate Grid – two crossed number lines that are called x-axis(horizontal) and y-axis (vertical)

 

Data - Set of information.

 

Decagon – A figure with ten sides.

 

Decimal – A number with a dot separating the ones and tenths places in the base ten system

 

Denominator - It shows the number of equal parts into which the whole has been divided. (Example: In 2/5, 5is the denominator)

 

Difference -   The answer to a subtraction problem.

 

Dodecagon –  A figure with twelve sides.

 

Equilateral triangle - A triangle with equal sides and equal angles.

 

Estimation - To find an approximate answer for a problem.

 

Even number - A whole number ending with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 in the ones place.

 

Factor -  Any number that when multiplied by another number, gives you a product (The product is the answer to a multiplication problem).  Example:

4 x 6=24, therefore, 4 is a factor of 24 and also 6 is a factor of 24.

 

Factor Pairs  - Two numbers that when multiplied together give you a product. One factor pair of 18 is 2 x 9.

 

Factor tree - A method of breaking down a multiplication problem into its prime factors.  For example:

12

 

                                                   4       x       3

 

        2     x   2     x       3                                                                      

 

 

Fraction -  A fraction names an equal part of a whole or a part of a group. (Example: 2/5)

 

Grid - A pattern of evenly spaced horizontal and vertical lines that form squares.

 

Hendecagon – A figure with eleven sides and eleven angles.

 

Heptagon – A figure with seven sides and seven angles.

 

Hexagon  - A figure with six sides and six angles.

 

Horizontal axis - Horizontal lines that run from top to bottom that forms a graph.

 

Integers - A whole number that can be positive or negative.

 

Line Plot -  A way to organize numerical data; shows the range of data and how the data are distributed over that range. 

For example this is the line plot for this set of data:  2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 7, 7, 7, 8.

 

                                                                                   

                                                X                                 X

                                                X                                 X

X         X         X         X                     X          X

________________________________________________

2          3          4          5          6          7          8

                                               

 

Linear measurement - The measurement of a line.   For example length, width and height are linear measurements of a box.

 

Median - The number in the middle of a group of numbers arranged in order from least to greatest.

 

Multiple -  Numbers formed by multiplying a number by a whole number.  The multiples of 3 are 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 etc.

 

Multiple Tower – A tower built by listing the multiples of a particular number until the tower is as tall as the person building it.

 

Nonagon – A figure with nine sides and nine angles.

 

Number Sense - Having a deep understanding of the relationships between numbers.

 

Numerator -   In a fraction, it shows how many of the equal parts of a thing are taken.  (Example: In 2/5, 2 is the numerator.

 

Octagon – A figure with eight sides and eight angles.

 

Odd number - A whole number ending with 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 in the ones place.

 

Parallelogram -  A quadrilateral with opposite sides equal in length and parallel.

 

Pentagon – A figure with five sides and five angles.

 

Percent – A special ratio that compares a number to 100 using the symbol %.

 

Polygon – A closed plane figure formed from line segments that meet only at their endpoints.

 

Portion – A part of the whole

 

Predict - To tell what you think will happen.

 

Prime -  A number that has only one and itself as factors.  Prime numbers for example would be  2, 3, 5, 7, 11, etc

 

Quadrilateral – A four-sided polygon

Ex:  square, rectangle, trapezoid, parallelogram, rhombus

 

Quotient -   The number obtained by dividing one number into another. (The answer to a division problem.) Example: In 32 divided by 8=4, the number 4 is the quotient.

 

Range:  The difference between the greatest number and the least number in a group of numbers.

 

Rectangle: Four-sided figure with four right angles and opposite sides equal.

 

Regular Polygon – A multi-sided figure with all sides equal in length.

 

Skip Counting - Counting by a certain number for example 3, 6, 9, 12,etc.

 

Solution -  An answer to a problem.

 

Square -  A special rectangle with all sides equal and four right angles.

 

Square number - The result of multiplying a number by itself. (Example: 4x4=16)

 

Statistics - Facts about a particular subject that are collected and arranged in the form of numbers.

 

Strategy - A plan or system of how to solve a problem.

 

Sum -   The answer to an addition problem (example: 1+2=3)

 

Trapezoid -   A figure with four sides, only two of which are parallel.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Triangle -  A figure with three sides and three angles.

 

         Equilateral triangle – A triangle with equal sides and equal angles.

 

         Isosceles triangle  - A triangle with two equal sides.

 

         Obtuse triangle – A triangle with one angle greater than 90 degrees.

 

         Right triangle – A triangle with one right angle or one angle equal to 90 degrees.

 

         Scalene triangle  - A triangle with no equal sides.

 

Vertical axis -  Vertical lines that run from left to right that form a graph.

 

Whole number -  Any number that is not a fraction. (Example: 0, 1, 2, 3, 7 and 12 are whole numbers, 4 ¾ is not.