| WHY DO WE
HAVE TO CITE OUR SOURCES?
This is a question asked by
many middle school students!
Here’s why we do it:
People have worked
hard on their research and deserve credit for
their work.
You should be able
to prove any "facts" in question to your
teacher.
To avoid
plagiarism.
Here is a list of how to cite
both print and electronic online sources. You can
follow the examples.
PRINT
SOURCES
BOOKS
Basic format:
Author last name, Author
first name. Title.(underlined) Place of publication:
Publisher, Date.
 |
A
book with one author: |
Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter
and the Goblet of Fire. New York: Scholastic
Books, 2000.
|
A
book with two of more authors: |
Pfetzer, Mark , and Jack
Galvin. Within Reach: My Everest Story. New
York: Puffin Books, 1998.
|
A
book with an editor: |
Lewis, Barbara A., ed. The
Kid’s Guide to Service Projects. Minneapolis,
MN: Free Spirit Publishing, 1995.
|
No
author: |
Along the Huron.
Ann Arbor, MI: Parks and Recreation Dept, 2000.
PERIODICALS (magazine or newspaper articles)
Basic format:
Author last name, First name.
"Name of article." Name of
magazine.(underlined) Date of publication: pages.
|
A
signed article in a magazine or newspaper: |
Klein, Joe. "They’re
Back." Newsweek. 6 March 1995: 44-45
|
An
unsigned article in a magazine or newspaper: |
"What Vietnam Did to
Us." Newsweek. 14 December 1981: 86-87.
ENCYCLOPEDIAS AND
REFERENCE BOOKS
Basic format for common
encyclopedias or dictionaries:
Author last name, Author
first name. "Title of Article." Name of
Encyclopedia.(underlined) Year of edition.
Landry, Tom.
"Football." World Book Encyclopedia.
1991 ed.
|
A
specialized or less familiar reference book: |
"Gorilla." The
Grolier Student Encyclopedia of Endangered Species.
Danbury, CT: Grolier, 1995.
NON-PRINT
SOURCES
VIDEO
Island of Fire.
Videocassette. National Geographic. 1998.
TV or RADIO PROGRAM
"Friday’s Child." Star Trek. KDAF, Dallas. 3 June 1988.
PERSONAL INTERVIEW
Henson, Drew. Personal
interview. 27 July 2000.
ELECTRONIC
OR INTERNET SOURCES
Basic format:
The basic format for citing
web pages follows this order. You may not be able to
locate all of this information for every web site. You
may have to find the Home page of the site to find the
author or the date.
1. Name of the author
2. Title of article or
specific page (if part of a larger web site)
3. Title of web site,
online periodical, or database. (Underlined)
4.
Date the material was updated or created. (Search
near the
bottom of the page for websites)
5.
For a work from a database subscription service,
the name of
the service and the name and city of the library.
(SIRS
Discoverer, Electric Library, InfoTrac, etc)
6. Date YOU visited the
page.
7. URL
<in angle brackets>
|
An
Internet site |
"Terrorism." CNN. 19 November 2002. <www.cnn.com>
Smith, Larry. My Insect
Page. September 1997. 8 November 2002. <www.geocities.com/insect>
Basic Hula Words.
Honolulu Community College. 1998. 8 November 2002.
<www.geocities.com/~olelo/o-h-general.html>
Harden, Mark. Picasso the
Legend. The Artchive. 1996. 8 November 2002. <www.artchive.com/Picasso.html>
"Tigers." Britannica
Online. 1999. 1 November 2002. <www.eb.com>
"How NASA Studies
Air." NASA For Kids Only. 1999. 12
November 2002. <http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/air/htm>
Smith, Robert. "Bill
Gates." Time Online. 1 December 1999. 14
November 2002.
<www.time.com/billgates>
|
Online
databases or subscription services |
Accessed through Michigan
eLibrary: includes SIRS Discoverer, Electric
Library, InfoTrac, and First Search. If your
reference is a magazine article, you should include
the date of the article and the pages.
Maddren, Gerry. "Against
All Odds." Cricket. February 1998: 21-23.
SIRS Discoverer. Hartland Middle School,
Hartland, MI. 12 November 2002. <www.mel.org>
"All About
Dinosaurs." The World Almanac for Kids.
1999. SIRS Discoverer. Hartland Middle School,
Hartland, MI. 12 November 2002. www.mel.org
"Australia." CIA
Factbook. 2002. SIRS Discoverer. Hartland Middle
School, Hartland, MI. 12 November 2002. <www.mel.org>
"Flowers." Ranger
Rick. 14 September 1998: 14. Electric Library.
Hartland Middle School, Hartland, MI. 12 November
2002. <www.mel.org>
Thompson, Mark.
"Genetically Modified Food." Time. 4
October 2001: 34-38. InfoTrac. Hartland Middle School,
Hartland, MI. 12 November 2002. www.mel.org |
